مهندسی ترافیک

مهندسی ترافیک

ارزیابی رفتار شهروندان در پذیرش سیستم‌های خودرو اشتراکی در شهر تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد رشته برنامه‌ریزی شهری دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
2 استاد و عضو هیئت‌علمی گروه برنامه‌ریزی شهری دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار و عضو هیئت‌علمی گروه آمار دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
چکیده
خودروهای اشتراکی به‌عنوان شیوه‌های نوین حمل‌ونقل برای سفرهای شهری، به‌عنوان جایگزینی مناسب برای خودروی شخصی، روزبه‌روز محبوب‌تر می‌شوند. این خودروها در حال تجربه توسعه سریعی در بازار هستند و با بهره‌گیری از تکنولوژی‌های روز دنیا، ازجمله خودروهای خودران و برقی، به کاهش مالکیت خودروهای شخصی کمک می‌کنند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی ارزیابی رفتار شهروندان به استفاده از خودروهای اشتراکی و شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر پذیرش آن‌ها انجام شده است. جامعه آماری شامل شهروندان شاغل تهرانی است که از انواع وسایل حمل‌ونقل عمومی و شخصی برای رسیدن به محل کار خود استفاده می‌کنند. روش نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت تصادفی ساده بوده و برای تعمیم‌پذیری نتایج، کل شهر تهران به‌عنوان حوزه جغرافیایی در نظر گرفته شده است. به‌منظور اطمینان از کفایت حجم نمونه، تعداد 350 پرسشنامه جمع‌آوری شد که تمامی آن‌ها مورداستفاده قرار گرفتند. همچنین این پژوهش تأثیر مستقیم و غیرمستقیم عواملی مانند هزینه، زمان، راحتی، امنیت و نگرانی‌های زیست‌محیطی بر پذیرش شهروندان در استفاده از این سیستم‌ها را تحلیل کرده است. داده‌های جمع‌آوری‌شده از روش مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد عوامل هزینه، زمان، راحتی و امنیت تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر تمایل به استفاده از خودروهای اشتراکی دارند، درحالی‌که نگرانی‌های زیست‌محیطی تأثیر معکوس و معناداری بر این تمایل دارند. همچنین، تحلیل ویژگی‌های جمعیتی-اجتماعی نشان داد که این سیستم‌ها در تهران موردپذیرش شهروندان قرار گرفته و پیش‌بینی می‌شود در سال‌های اولیه ورودشان با استقبال بالایی روبه‌رو شوند. این نتایج نشان‌دهنده ظرفیت بالای سیستم‌های خودرو اشتراکی در بهبود کیفیت حمل‌ونقل شهری و کاهش مالکیت خودروهای شخصی و آلودگی هوا است.
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